What are the classifications of pharmaceutical intermediates?

 Classification of pharmaceutical intermediates

bulk pharmaceutical intermediates are one or more chemical substances generated during the synthesis of drugs, and they are key steps in the production of the final active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). There are many types of pharmaceutical intermediates, depending on the chemical structure and synthesis route of the target drug. The following are some common classifications of pharmaceutical intermediates1:

Category Example compound Application field

Benzene ring intermediates - anticancer drugs, cardiovascular drugs

Heterocyclic compounds Pyridine, thiophene, imidazole, etc. Common intermediates in pharmaceuticals

Amino acids and peptides - bioactive molecules and drugs (such as insulin)

Carboxylic acids and their derivatives Benzoic acid, malonic acid, etc. Anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics

Ester and ether compounds - analgesics, sedatives

In addition, pharmaceutical intermediates can also be classified according to their application fields, such as antipyretic and analgesic drug intermediates, cardiovascular system drug intermediates, etc.3. There are many specific types of pharmaceutical intermediates, such as imidazole, furan, phenol intermediates, aromatic intermediates, pyrrole, pyridine, biochemical reagents, sulfur, nitrogen, halogen compounds, heterocyclic compounds, starch, mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, dextrin, ethylene glycol, powdered sugar, inorganic salts, ethanol intermediates, stearate, amino acids, ethanolamine, potassium salt, sodium salt, etc. 3.

Advanced pharmaceutical intermediates and primary pharmaceutical intermediates

Pharmaceutical intermediates can also be divided into primary pharmaceutical intermediates and advanced pharmaceutical intermediates. Advanced pharmaceutical intermediates often only require one or two steps of synthesis to make raw materials, while primary pharmaceutical intermediates may require more synthesis steps.